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#clinical

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Dr Mircea Zloteanu 🌼🐝

#statstab #311 The analysis of continuous data from n-of-1 trials using paired cycles: a simple tutorial

Thoughts: @StephenSenn shows how to treat multiple #nof1 studies as a meta-analysis.

#sced #nof1 #metaanalysis #tutorial #clinical

trialsjournal.biomedcentral.co

BioMed CentralThe analysis of continuous data from n-of-1 trials using paired cycles: a simple tutorial - TrialsN-of-1 trials are defined and the popular paired cycle design is introduced, together with an explanation as to how suitable sequences may be constructed.Various approaches to analysing such trials are explained and illustrated using a simulated data set. It is explained how choosing an appropriate analysis depends on the question one wishes to answer. It is also shown that for a given question, various equivalent approaches to analysis can be found, a fact which may be exploited to expand the possible software routines that may be used.Sets of N-of-1 trials are analogous to sets of parallel group trials. This means that software for carrying out meta-analysis can be used to combine results from N-of-1 trials. In doing so, it is necessary to make one important change, however. Because degrees of freedom for estimating variances for individual subjects will be scarce, it is advisable to estimate local standard errors using pooled variances. How this may be done is explained and fixed and random effect approaches to combining results are illustrated.
Public
Ralf HEROLD

Brief tool update: across clinical trial registers, analyse data with new pre-defined functions (rfhb.github.io/ctrdata/referen) and retrieve trials with new easy "ctrGenerateQueries" function (rfhb.github.io/ctrdata/referen) #clinical #trials #R #research #tool #methodology #health #science

rfhb.github.ioTrial concepts implemented across registers — ctrdata-trial-conceptsctrdata includes (since version 1.21.0) functions that implement selected trial concepts. Concepts of clinical trials, such as their start or status of recruitment, require to analyse several fields against various pre-defined values. The structure and value sets of fields differ between all ctrdata-registers. In this situation, the implemented trial concepts simplify and accelerate a user's analysis workflow and also increase analysis consistency.
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Dr Mircea Zloteanu 🌼🐝

#statstab #283 Is caviar a risk factor for being a millionaire?

Thoughts: Depends on how do you define "risk factor". For diagnosis, prognosis, treatment effect, or aetiology?

#research #clinical #diagnosis #estimand #prognosis #riskfactors #treatment

doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i6536

The BMJ · Is caviar a risk factor for being a millionaire?Anders Huitfeldt argues that the answer depends on your definition of “risk factor” and calls for greater clarity in research The risk factor approach to epidemiology was introduced by the Framingham Heart Study investigators,1 2 who first alluded to the idea in 1951.3 The first use of the term “factor of risk” appeared in 1961,4 but it was not precisely defined. The resulting semantic confusion has hindered precise communication about study design and data analysis. To illustrate the problem, let us suppose that you want to study the causes and distribution of personal wealth. You have a secretive friend, and, among other questions, you are interested in knowing whether he is a millionaire. You are aware that there are some attributes, or risk factors, that are thought to be linked to being a millionaire. You decide to investigate. The first step is to choose your definition of risk factor. Clinical research can generally be divided into four broad objectives based on the intended use of the information obtained by the study: diagnosis, prognosis, treatment effects, and aetiology. Each of these research objectives is associated with a different definition. Table 1⇓ gives examples of how these four definitions of risk factor are used in the scientific literature and shows how each definition describes a different relation between the dependent variable and the independent variable. View this table: Table 1 Objectives of clinical research and associated definitions of risk factor A variable may qualify as a risk factor under more than one definition of the term. For example, cholesterol is believed to be a risk factor for heart disease under each of the four definitions. However, it is generally not plausible to assume that a variable that is a risk factor according to one definition will always be a risk factor under the …
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Lupposofi

Dominic Murphy has revised his SEP-entry on Philosophy of Psychiatry, plato.stanford.edu/entries/psy

The Angius, Primiero & Turner entry on The Philosophy of Compurer Science has also been revised, plato.stanford.edu/entries/com

Other SEP-news here, as usual, plato.stanford.edu/new.html

plato.stanford.eduPhilosophy of Psychiatry (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
#sep#philosophy#filosofia
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